• Picture of Aloe Vera
• What Aloe Vera Is Used For
  • Traditionally and herbal remedy for burns, aloe was used topically to heal wounds and for various skin conditions, and orally as a laxative.
  • Today, in addition to traditional uses, people take aloe orally to treat a variety of conditions, including diabetes, asthma, epilepsy, and osteoarthritis. People use aloe topically for osteoarthritis, burns, and sunburns.
  • Aloe vera gel can be found in hundreds of skin products, including lotions and sunblocks.
  • The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved aloe vera as a natural food flavoring.
  • Aloe Ferox (Aloe) has been traditionally used in wound healing since ancient times. The Egyptians were using Aloe as early as 1500BC. Aloe contains a number of active compounds that have proven healing properties and an excellent effect on skin health, growth and repair. It is not surprising that Aloe has a history of being a common household remedy and is found in many commercial skin care preparations!
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: Pure-Heal Gel
• How Aloe Vera Is Used
  • Aloe leaves contain a clear gel that is often used as a topical ointment.
  • The green part of the leaf that surrounds the gel can be used to produce a juice or a dried substance (called latex) that is taken by mouth.
• What the Science Says about Aloe Vera
  • Aloe latex contains strong laxative compounds. Products made with various components of aloe (aloin, aloe-emodin, and barbaloin) were at one time regulated by the FDA as oral over-the-counter (OTC) laxatives. In 2002, the FDA required that all OTC aloe laxative products be removed from the U.S. market or reformulated because the companies that manufactured them did not provide the necessary safety data.
  • Early studies show that topical aloe gel may help heal burns and abrasions. One study, however, showed that aloe gel inhibits healing of deep surgical wounds. Aloe gel does not prevent burns from radiation therapy.
  • There is not enough scientific evidence to support aloe vera for any of its other uses.
• Side Effects and Cautions about Aloe Vera
  • Use of topical aloe vera is not associated with significant side effects.
  • Abdominal cramps and diarrhea have been reported with oral use of aloe vera.
  • Diarrhea, caused by the laxative effect of oral aloe vera, can decrease the absorption of many drugs.
  • People with diabetes who use glucose-lowering medication should be cautious if also taking aloe by mouth because preliminary studies suggest aloe may lower blood glucose levels.
  • Tell your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.

• Picture of Astragalus
• What Astragalus Is Used For
  • Herbal remedy to boost immune system. Historically, astragalus has been used in traditional Chinese medicine, usually in combination with other herbs, to support and enhance the immune system. It is still widely used in China for chronic hepatitis and as an adjunctive therapy in cancer.
  • It is a very useful protector of adrenal cortical function and regulates blood pressure and blood sugar levels.
  • It is also used to prevent and treat common colds and upper respiratory infections.
  • Astragalus has also been used for heart disease.
  • Recent research confirms the positive effect of Astragalus on immune functioning and its ability to help the body fight against disease.
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: AdrenoBoost Effective natural remedy for improving adrenal function.
• How Astragalus Is Used
  • The root of the astragalus plant is typically used in soups, teas, extracts, or capsules. Astragalus is generally used with other herbs, such as ginseng, angelica, and licorice.
• What the Science Says about Astragalus
  • The evidence for using astragalus for any health condition is limited. Results from small or preliminary studies suggest that astragalus may benefit heart function and help the immune system fight infections.
  • A few studies have shown potential benefits for using astragalus--in combination with another herb, glossy privet (Ligustrum lucidum)--as an adjunctive therapy for cancer. In general, however, these studies were not well designed.
  • NCCAM-funded investigators are studying the effects of astragalus on the body, particularly on the immune system.
• Side Effects and Cautions about Astragalus
  • Astragalus is considered safe for most adults. Its possible side effects are not well known because astragalus is generally used in combination with other herbs.
  • Astragalus may interact with medications that suppress the immune system, such as the drug cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan, Neosar) taken by cancer patients and similar drugs taken by organ transplant recipients.
  • People should avoid using astragalus species such as "locoweed" that grow in the United States, as these other species may have different effects and side effects.
  • Tell your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.

• Picture of Bilberry
• What Bilberry Is Used For
  • Herbal remedy for scurvy. Bilberry has been used for nearly 1,000 years in traditional European medicine.

  
  Triple Complex Diabetonic

  1. Ensure systemic balance of biochemic tissue salts

  2. Optimize health at the cellular level

  3. Restore health and vitality
     Maintain healthy blood sugar levels

  4. Promote healthy pancreatic functioning

  5. Treat a variety of symptoms without side effects

  6. Optimize the body's receptiveness to other remedies by improving systemic functioning and metabolism

  Historically, bilberry fruit was used to treat diarrhea, scurvy, and other conditions.

  • Today, the fruit is used to treat diarrhea, menstrual cramps, eye problems, varicose veins, venous insufficiency (poor blood flow to the heart), and other circulatory problems.
  • Bilberry leaf is used for entirely different conditions, including diabetes.
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: Triple Complex Diabetonic - Maintain healthy blood sugar levels and reduce the craving for sweet foods
• How Bilberry Is Used
  The fruit of the bilberry plant can be eaten or made into extracts. Similarly, the leaves of the bilberry plant can be made into extracts or used to make teas.
• What the Science Says about Bilberry
  • Some claim that bilberry fruit improves night vision, but clinical studies have not shown this to be true.
  • There is not enough scientific evidence to support the use of bilberry fruit or leaf for any other health conditions.
  • NCCAM has not yet funded any research on bilberry.
• Side Effects and Cautions about Bilberry
  • Bilberry fruit is considered safe. However, high doses of bilberry leaf or leaf extract are considered unsafe; animal studies have shown high doses to be toxic.
  • Tell your health care providers about any herb or dietary supplement you are using, including bilberry.
    This helps to ensure safe and coordinated care.

Bitter Orange as a Medicinal Plant for nausea and loss of appetite - The bitter orange tree is native to eastern Africa and tropical Asia. Today, it is grown throughout the Mediterranean region and elsewhere, including California and Florida. Bitter orange oil is used in foods, cosmetics, and aromatherapy products. Bitter orange oil from the tree's leaves is called petitgrain, and oil from the flowers is called neroli.     Top

Common Names--bitter orange, Seville orange, sour orange, Zhi shi

Latin Names--Citrus aurantium

• Picture of Black Cohosh
• What Black Cohosh Is Used For
  • Black cohosh has a history of use for rheumatism (arthritis and muscle pain), but has been used more recently to treat hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, and other symptoms that can occur during menopause.
  • Black cohosh has also been used for menstrual irregularities and premenstrual syndrome, and to induce labor.
  • Herbal remedy for menopausal symptons.
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: MellowPause - Natural treatment for Menopause
  • Try our herbal remedy: Natural Fertility Treatment for men and women - Fertile XX and Fertile XY
    • Use Fertile XX (for women) to:
      • Promote healthy and regular ovulation, without the risks of multiple births
      • Correct hormone imbalances underlying infertility
      • Strengthen and tone fallopian tubes
      • Promote ovarian health
      • Support healthy uterine functioning
      • Regulate menstrual cycle
      • Boost libido and sexual pleasure
      • Relieve the symptoms of PMS
      • Improve overall systemic health
         
    • Use Fertile XY (for men) to:
      • Improve the functioning of male sexual organs (prostate, seminal vesicles, testes, penis)
      • Increase sperm production
      • Improve sperm motility and health
      • Boost testosterone levels
      • Counteract the effects of free radicals on sperm health
      • Increase sex drive, strengthen erections and encourage greater sexual pleasure
      • Improve overall systemic health
• How Black Cohosh Is Used
  The underground stems and roots of black cohosh are commonly used fresh or dried to make strong teas (infusions), capsules, solid extracts used in pills, or liquid extracts (tinctures).
• What the Science Says about Black Cohosh
  • Study results are mixed on whether black cohosh effectively relieves menopausal symptoms.
  • Studies to date have been less than 6 months long, so long-term safety data are not currently available.1
  • NCCAM is funding studies to determine whether black cohosh reduces the frequency and intensity of hot flashes and other menopausal symptoms.
  • There are not enough reliable data to determine whether black cohosh is effective for rheumatism or other uses.
• Side Effects and Cautions about Black Cohosh
  • Black cohosh can cause headaches and stomach discomfort. In clinical trials comparing the effects of the herb and those of estrogens, a low number of side effects were reported, such as headaches, gastric complaints, heaviness in the legs, and weight problems.
  • No interactions have been reported between black cohosh and prescription medicines.
  • Black cohosh has recently been linked to a few cases of hepatitis (inflammation of the liver), but it is not clear whether black cohosh caused the problem.
  • It is not clear if black cohosh is safe for women who have had breast cancer or for pregnant women.
  • Black cohosh should not be confused with blue cohosh (Caulophyllum thalictroides), which has different properties, treatment uses, and side effects than black cohosh. Black cohosh is sometimes used with blue cohosh to stimulate labor, but this therapy has caused adverse effects in newborns, which appear to be due to blue cohosh.
  • It is important to inform your health care providers about any herb or dietary supplement you are using, including black cohosh. This helps to ensure safe and coordinated care.

Chamomile as a Medicinal Plant - Two types of chamomile are used for health conditions: German chamomile and Roman chamomile. While the two kinds are thought to have similar effects on the body, the German variety is more commonly used in the United States and is the focus of this fact sheet.

• Picture of Cat's Claw Vine
• Picture of Cat's Claw Bark or Wood
• What Cat's Claw Is Used For

  • 
    JointEase Plus - Natural Remedy For Arthritis and Joints

    • As a natural alternative to prescription anti-inflammatory drugs
    • For relief from painful joint conditions, neck pain or lower back ache
    • To assist with any form of arthritis, fibrositis, myalgia or rheumatism
    • For relief from any degenerative musculoskeletal condition
    • To treat painful knees or 'small joint disease' (e.g. wrists, fingers, ankles and toes)
    • To prevent and relieve the symptoms of gout
    Cat's claw has been used for centuries in South America to prevent and treat disease.
  • It has been used for a variety of health conditions, including viral infections (such as herpes and HIV), Alzheimer's disease, cancer, and arthritis.
  • Cat's claw has been used to support the immune system and promote kidney health, as well as to prevent and abort pregnancy.
  • Herbal remedy for viral infections.
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: JointEase Plus - Natural Remedy For Arthritis and Joints
• How Cat's Claw Is Used
  The inner bark of cat's claw is used to make liquid extracts, capsules, and teas. Preparations of cat's claw can also be applied to the skin.
• What the Science Says about Cat's Claw
  • There is not enough scientific evidence to determine how well cat's claw works for any health problem, including arthritis, HIV, or cancer.
  • Small studies in humans have shown a possible benefit of cat's claw in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, but no large trials have been done. In laboratory studies, cat's claw stimulates part of the immune system, but it has not been proven to reduce inflammation or boost the immune system in humans.
  • The National Institute on Aging is studying how cat's claw may affect the brain. Findings may point to new avenues for research in Alzheimer's disease treatment.
• Side Effects and Cautions about Cat's Claw
  • Few side effects have been reported for cat's claw when it is taken at recommended dosages. Though rare, side effects may include headaches, dizziness, and vomiting.
  • Women who are pregnant or trying to become pregnant should avoid using cat's claw because of its past use for preventing and aborting pregnancy.
  • Because cat's claw may stimulate the immune system, it is unclear whether the herb is safe for people with conditions affecting the immune system.
  • Tell your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.

• Picture of Chasteberry fruit
• Picture of Chasteberry Tree or Bush
• What Chasteberry Is Used For
  • Chasteberry has been used for thousands of years, mostly by women to ease menstrual problems and to stimulate the production of breast milk.
  • Chasteberry is still used for menstrual problems, such as premenstrual syndrome (PMS), as well as for symptoms of menopause, some types of infertility, and acne. Herbal remedy for sex drive.
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: Endo - eX
    • Address the underlying cause of Endometriosis
    • Decrease pelvic inflammation associated with Endometriosis
    • Strengthen liver functioning and protect against environmental pollutants
    • Reduce menstrual pain and cramps
    • Regulate the menstrual cycle
    • Prevent diminished fertility in women with Endometriosis
• How Chasteberry Is Used
  The dried ripe chasteberry is used to prepare liquid extracts or solid extracts that are put into capsules and tablets.
• What the Science Says about Chasteberry
  • A few studies of chasteberry for premenstrual syndrome (PMS) have found a benefit. However, most of these studies were not well designed, so firm conclusions about chasteberry for PMS cannot be drawn.
  • Small studies suggest that chasteberry may help with breast pain and some types of infertility, but there is not enough reliable scientific evidence to determine whether chasteberry has any effect on these conditions.
  • NCCAM is funding studies on chasteberry. Recent projects have explored how chasteberry works in the body and how it might affect symptoms of PMS.
• Side Effects and Cautions about Chasteberry
  • Chasteberry has not been associated with serious side effects. However, it can cause gastrointestinal problems, acne-like rashes, and dizziness.
  • Chasteberry may affect certain hormone levels. Women who are pregnant or taking birth control pills or who have a hormone-sensitive condition (such as breast cancer) should not use chasteberry.
  • Because chasteberry may affect the dopamine system in the brain, people taking dopamine-related medications, such as selegiline, amantadine, and levodopa, should avoid chasteberry.
  • Tell your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.

Common Names--cranberry, American cranberry, bog cranberry

Latin Name--Vaccinium macrocarpon

• Picture of Cranberry berries
• Picture of Cranberry Bush
• What Cranberry Is Used For
  • Historically, cranberry fruits and leaves were used for a variety of problems, such as wounds, urinary disorders, diarrhea, diabetes, stomach ailments, and liver problems.
  • Recently, cranberry products have been used in the hope of preventing or treating urinary tract infections or Helicobacter pylori infections that can lead to stomach ulcers, or to prevent dental plaque. Cranberry has also been reported to have antioxidant and anticancer activity.
  • Herbal remedy for urinary disorders.
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: Read more about UTI natural remedies
• How Cranberry Is Used
  The berries are used to produce beverages and many other food products, as well as dietary supplements in the form of extracts, teas, and capsules or tablets.
• What the Science Says about Cranberry
  • Some studies testing cranberry products for their ability to prevent urinary tract infections have shown promise. These studies have generally been small in size, and some were not randomized or controlled; therefore, the results are not conclusive.
  • Cranberry products have not been adequately tested to see if they can be used to help treat an existing urinary tract infection.
  • Research shows that components found in cranberry may prevent bacteria, such as E. coli, from clinging to the cells along the walls of the urinary tract and causing infection. However, the mechanism of action of cranberry is not fully understood.
  • NCCAM, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, and the National Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Research are funding studies to understand whether and how cranberry might work to:
    • Prevent urinary tract infection
    • Prevent the formation of dental plaque
• Side Effects and Cautions about Cranberry
  • Eating cranberry products in food amounts appears to be safe, but drinking excessive amounts of juice could cause gastrointestinal upset or diarrhea.
  • People who think they have a urinary tract infection should see a health care provider for proper diagnosis and treatment. Cranberry products should not be used to treat infection.
  • It is important to inform your health care providers about any herb or dietary supplement you are using, including cranberry. This helps to ensure safe and coordinated care.

Common Names--lion's tooth, blowball

Latin Name--Taraxacum officinale

• Picture of Dandelion
• What Dandelion Is Used For
  • Dandelion has been used in many traditional medical systems, including Native American and traditional Arabic medicine.
  • Historically, dandelion was most commonly used to treat liver diseases, kidney diseases, and spleen problems. Less commonly, dandelion was used to treat digestive problems and skin conditions.
  • Today, dandelion is used by some as a liver or kidney "tonic," as a diuretic, and for minor digestive problems.
  • Herbal remedy for liver and kidney deseases.
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: Detox Drops - To assist in the elimination of toxins from the body
• How Dandelion Is Used
  The leaves and roots of the dandelion, or the whole plant, are used fresh or dried in teas, capsules, or extracts. Dandelion leaves are used in salads or as a cooked green, and the flowers are used to make wine.
• What the Science Says about Dandelion
  There is no compelling scientific evidence for using dandelion as a treatment for any medical condition
• Side Effects and Cautions about Dandelion
  • Dandelion use is generally considered safe. However, there have been rare reports of upset stomach and diarrhea, and some people are allergic to the plant.
  • People with an inflamed or infected gallbladder, or blocked bile ducts, should avoid using dandelion.
  • It is important to inform your health care providers about any herb or dietary supplement you are using, including dandelion.
    This helps to ensure safe and coordinated care.

• Picture of Echinacea
• What Echinacea Is Used For
  • Echinacea has traditionally been an herbal remedy to treat or prevent colds, flu, and other infections.

  
  Ear-Heal Drops - Natural antibiotic alternative specifically formulated for ear infections

  • As a natural alternative to antibiotic treatment of ear infections
  • To treat bacterial, viral and fungal infections of the ear
  • As a companion to Ear-OK ear drops for a complete solution
  • To reduce inflammation, pain and throbbing in the ears
  • To prevent recurrence of chronic ear infections
  • To boost immune system functioning
  • Echinacea is believed to stimulate the immune system to help fight infections.
  • Less commonly, echinacea has been used for wounds and skin problems, such as acne or boils.
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: Ear-Heal Drops - Natural antibiotic alternative specifically formulated for ear infections
• How Echinacea Is Used
  The aboveground parts of the plant and roots of echinacea are used fresh or dried to make teas, squeezed (expressed) juice, extracts, or preparations for external use.
• What the Science Says about Echinacea
  • Studies indicate that echinacea does not appear to prevent colds or other infections.
  • Studies to date have not proven that echinacea shortens the course of colds or flu. For example, two NCCAM-funded studies did not find a benefit from echinacea, either as Echinacea purpurea fresh-pressed juice for treating colds in children, or as an unrefined mixture of
  • Echinacea angustifolia root and Echinacea purpurea root and herb in adults.1,2 Other studies have shown that echinacea may be beneficial in treating upper respiratory infections.3
  • NCCAM is continuing to support the study of echinacea for the treatment of upper respiratory infections.
• Side Effects and Cautions about Echinacea
  • When taken by mouth, echinacea usually does not cause side effects. However, some people experience allergic reactions, including rashes, increased asthma, and anaphylaxis (a life-threatening allergic reaction). In clinical trials, gastrointestinal side effects were most common.
  • People are more likely to experience allergic reactions to echinacea if they are allergic to related plants in the daisy family, which includes ragweed, chrysanthemums, marigolds, and daisies. Also, people with asthma or atopy (a genetic tendency toward allergic reactions) may be more likely to have an allergic reaction when taking echinacea.
  • It is important to inform your health care providers about any herb or dietary supplement you are using, including echinacea. This helps to ensure safe and coordinated care.

• Picture of Ephedra
• What Ephedra Is Used For

  
  Fatigue Fighter - Natural Remedy for Chronic Fatigue Helps Boost Energy.

  • Promote healthy energy levels and stamina
  • Encourage overall systemic health and support the immune system
  • Promote healthy systemic adequacy for physical performance and endurance
  • Reduce feelings of common listlessness associated with routine tiredness
  • Assist in the prevention of burnout
  • Ephedra has been used for more than 5,000 years in China and India to treat conditions such as colds, fever, flu, headaches, asthma, wheezing, and nasal congestion.
  • It has also been an ingredient in many dietary supplements used for weight loss, increased energy, and enhanced athletic performance.
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: Fatigue Fighter - Natural Remedy for Chronic Fatigue Helps Boost Energy.
    • Increase energy levels and feelings of well being
    • Improve overall systemic functioning and strengthen the immune system
    • Increase physical performance and endurance levels without harmful side effects of steroids, ephedra, etc
    • Assist recovery from Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME or 'Yuppie Flu') and other illnesses
    • Increase stamina, reduce fatigue and listlessness caused by stress, depression, illness or unhealthy lifestyle
• How Ephedra Is Used
  The dried stems and leaves of the plant are used to create capsules, tablets, extracts, tinctures, and teas.
• What the Science Says about Ephedra
  • An NCCAM-funded study that analyzed phone calls to poison control centers found a higher rate of side effects from ephedra, compared with other herbal products.
  • Other studies and systematic reviews have found an increased risk of heart, psychiatric, and gastrointestinal problems, as well as high blood pressure and stroke, with ephedra use.
  • According to the FDA, there is little evidence of ephedra's effectiveness, except for short-term weight loss. However, the increased risk of heart problems and stroke outweighs any benefits.
• Side Effects and Cautions about Ephedra
  • In 2004, the FDA banned the U.S. sale of dietary supplements containing ephedra. The FDA found that these supplements had an unreasonable risk of injury or illness--particularly cardiovascular complications--and a risk of death. The ban does not apply to traditional Chinese native herbal remedies or to products like herbal teas regulated as conventional foods.
  • Between 1995 and 1997, the FDA received more than 900 reports of possible ephedra toxicity. Serious adverse events such as stroke, heart attack, and sudden death were reported in 37 cases.
  • Taking ephedra can also result in nausea, anxiety, headache, psychosis, kidney stones, tremors, dry mouth, irregular heart rhythms, heart damage, high blood pressure, restlessness, sleep problems, irritation of the stomach, and increased urination.
  • Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding and children should avoid taking ephedra.
    Using ephedra may worsen many health conditions such as cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, sleep disorders, and diabetes.
  • Ephedra use may lead to serious health problems when used with other dietary supplements or medicines.
  • Combining ephedra with caffeine increases the risk of potentially serious side effects.
  • Tell your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.

Common Names--European elder, black elder, elder, elderberry, elder flower, sambucus

Latin Names--Sambucus nigra

• Picture of European Elder berries
• Picture of European Elder Flower
• What European Elder Is Used For
  • Parts of the elder tree--such as the berries and flowers--have long been used for pain, swelling, infections, coughs, and skin conditions.
  • Today, elderberry and elder flower are used for flu, colds, fevers, constipation, and sinus infections.
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: ComfiCoff - Naturally eases throat and chest discomfort
• How European Elder Is Used
  The dried flowers (elder flower) and the cooked blue/black berries (elderberry) of the European elder tree are used in teas, liquid extracts, and capsules.
• What the Science Says about European Elder
  • Although some small studies show that elderberry may relieve flu symptoms, the evidence is not strong enough to support this use of the berry.
  • A few studies have suggested that a product containing elder flower and other herbs can help treat sinus infections when used with antibiotics, but further research is needed to confirm any benefit.
  • No reliable information is available on the effectiveness of elderberry and elder flower for other uses.
• Side Effects and Cautions of European Elder
  • Uncooked or unripe elderberries are toxic and can cause nausea, vomiting, or severe diarrhea. Only the blue/black berries of elder are edible.
  • Because of elder flower's possible diuretic effects, use caution if taking it with drugs that increase urination.
  • Tell your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This helps to ensure coordinated and safe care.

• Picture of Primrose
• What Primrose Is Used For
  • Evening primrose oil has been used since the 1930s for eczema (a condition in which the skin becomes inflamed, itchy, or scaly because of allergies or other irritation).
  • More recently it has been used for other conditions involving inflammation, such as rheumatoid arthritis.
  • Evening primrose oil is used for conditions affecting women's health, such as breast pain associated with the menstrual cycle, menopausal symptoms, and premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
  • It is used during pregnancy in attempts to shorten the duration of labor.
    Other conditions for which evening primrose oil is used include cancer and diabetes.
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine:
• How Primrose Is Used
  Evening primrose oil is extracted from the seeds of the evening primrose. The oil is usually put into capsules for use.
• What the Science Says about Primrose
  • Evening primrose oil may have modest benefits for eczema, and it may be useful for rheumatoid arthritis and breast pain. However, study results are mixed, and most studies have been small and not well designed.
  • Evening primrose oil does not appear to affect menopausal symptoms.
  • Although some clinical trials have shown a benefit of evening primrose oil for PMS, the best-designed trials found no effect.
  • There is not enough evidence to support the use of evening primrose oil for other health conditions
• Side Effects and Cautions of Primrose
  • Evening primrose oil is well tolerated by most people. Mild side effects include gastrointestinal upset and headache.
  • Evening primrose oil appears to be safe for use during pregnancy, but data are limited.
  • Tell your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.

Common Names--fenugreek, fenugreek seed

Latin Names--Trigonella foenum-graecum

• Picture of Fenugreek
• What Fenugreek Is Used For
  • Historically, fenugreek was used for a variety of health conditions, including menopausal symptoms and digestive problems. It was also used for inducing childbirth.
  • Today, it is used for diabetes and loss of appetite, and to stimulate milk production in breast-feeding women. It is also applied to the skin to treat inflammation.
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: Kiddie Florish - Naturally encourages a child's healthy appetite
• How Fenugreek Is Used
  The dried seeds are ground and taken by mouth or used to form a paste that is applied to the skin.
• What the Science Says about Fenugreek
  • A few small studies have found that fenugreek may help lower blood sugar levels in people with diabetes.
  • There is not enough scientific evidence to support the use of fenugreek for any other health condition.
• Side Effects and Cautions of Fenugreek
  • Possible side effects of fenugreek when taken by mouth include gas, bloating, and diarrhea. Fenugreek can cause irritation when applied to the skin.
  • Given its historical use for inducing childbirth, women should use caution when taking fenugreek during pregnancy.
    Tell your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.

• Picture of Feverfew
• What Feverfew Is Used For
  • Feverfew has been used for centuries as a Medicinal Plant for fevers, headaches, stomach aches, toothaches, insect bites, infertility, and problems with menstruation and labor during childbirth.
  • Recently, feverfew has been used for migraine headaches and rheumatoid arthritis.
  • Feverfew has also been used for psoriasis, allergies, asthma, tinnitus (ringing or roaring sounds in the ears), dizziness, nausea, and vomiting.
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine:
• How Feverfew Is Used
  • The dried leaves--and sometimes flowers and stems--of feverfew are used to make supplements, including capsules, tablets, and liquid extracts.
  • The leaves are sometimes eaten fresh.
• What the Science Says about Feverfew
  • Some research suggests that feverfew may be helpful in preventing migraine headaches; however, results have been mixed and more evidence is needed from well-designed studies.
  • One study found that feverfew did not reduce rheumatoid arthritis symptoms in women whose symptoms did not respond to conventional medicines. It has been suggested that feverfew could help those with milder symptoms.
  • There is not enough evidence available to assess whether feverfew is beneficial for other uses.
  • NCCAM-funded researchers are studying ways to standardize feverfew; that is, to prepare it in a consistent manner. Standardized preparations could be used in future studies of feverfew for migraines.
• Side Effects and Cautions of Feverfew
  • No serious side effects have been reported for feverfew. Side effects can include canker sores, swelling and irritation of the lips and tongue, and loss of taste.
  • Less common side effects can include nausea, digestive problems, and bloating.
  • People who take feverfew for a long time and then stop taking it may have headaches, nervousness, difficulty sleeping, stiff muscles, and joint pain.
  • Women who are pregnant should not use feverfew because it may cause the uterus to contract, increasing the risk of miscarriage or premature delivery.
  • People can have allergic reactions to feverfew. Those who are allergic to other members of the daisy family (which includes ragweed and chrysanthemums) are more likely to be allergic to feverfew.
  • Tell your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.

• Picture of Flaxseed
• What Flaxseed Is Used For
  • Flaxseed is most commonly used as a laxative.
  • Flaxseed is also used for hot flashes and breast pain.
  • Flaxseed oil is used for different conditions than flaxseed, including arthritis.
  • Both flaxseed and flaxseed oil have been used for high cholesterol levels and in an effort to prevent cancer.
• How Flaxseed Is Used
  Whole or crushed flaxseed can be mixed with water or juice and taken by mouth. Flaxseed is also available in powder form. Flaxseed oil is available in liquid and capsule form. Flaxseed contains lignans (phytoestrogens, or plant estrogens), while flaxseed oil preparations lack lignans.
• What the Science Says about Flaxseed
  • Flaxseed contains soluble fiber, like that found in oat bran, and is an effective laxative..
  • Studies of flaxseed preparations to lower cholesterol levels report mixed results.
  • Some studies suggest that alpha-linolenic acid (a substance found in flaxseed and flaxseed oil) may benefit people with heart disease. But not enough reliable data are available to determine whether flaxseed is effective for heart conditions.
  • Study results are mixed on whether flaxseed decreases hot flashes.
  • NCCAM is funding studies on flaxseed. Recent studies have looked at the effects of flaxseed on high cholesterol levels, as well as its possible role in preventing conditions such as heart disease and osteoporosis.
• Side Effects and Cautions of Flaxseed
  • Flaxseed and flaxseed oil supplements seem to be well tolerated. Few side effects have been reported.
  • Flaxseed, like any supplemental fiber source, should be taken with plenty of water; otherwise, it could worsen constipation or, in rare cases, even cause intestinal blockage.
  • The fiber in flaxseed may lower the body's ability to absorb medications that are taken by mouth. Flaxseed should not be taken at the same time as any conventional oral medications or other dietary supplements.
  • Tell your health care providers about any herb or dietary supplement you are using, including flaxseed or flaxseed oil. This helps to ensure safe and coordinated care.

• Picture of Ginkgo Leaf
• Picture of Ginkgo Tree
• What Ginkgo Is Used For
  • Ginkgo seeds have been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years, and cooked seeds are occasionally eaten. More recently, ginkgo leaf extract has been used to treat a variety of ailments and conditions, including asthma, bronchitis, fatigue, and tinnitus (ringing in the ears).
  • Today, people use ginkgo leaf extracts hoping to improve memory; to treat or help prevent Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia; to decrease intermittent claudication (leg pain caused by narrowing arteries); and to treat sexual dysfunction, multiple sclerosis, tinnitus, and other health conditions.
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• How Ginkgo Is Used
  Extracts are usually taken from the ginkgo leaf and are used to make tablets, capsules, or teas. Occasionally, ginkgo extracts are used in skin products.
• What the Science Says about Ginkgo
  • Numerous studies of ginkgo have been done for a variety of conditions. Some promising results have been seen for Alzheimer's disease/dementia, intermittent claudication, and tinnitus among others, but larger, well-designed research studies are needed.
  • Some smaller studies for memory enhancement have had promising results, but a trial sponsored by the National Institute on Aging of more than 200 healthy adults over age 60 found that ginkgo taken for 6 weeks did not improve memory.
  • NCCAM is conducting a large clinical trial of ginkgo with more than 3,000 volunteers. The aim is to see if the herb prevents the onset of dementia and, specifically, Alzheimer's disease; slows cognitive decline and functional disability (for example, inability to prepare meals); reduces the incidence of cardiovascular disease; and decreases the rate of premature death.
  • Ginkgo is also being studied by NCCAM for asthma, symptoms of multiple sclerosis, vascular function (intermittent claudication), cognitive decline, sexual dysfunction due to antidepressants, and insulin resistance. NCCAM is also looking at potential interactions between ginkgo and prescription drugs.
• Side Effects and Cautions of Ginkgo
  • Side effects of ginkgo may include headache, nausea, gastrointestinal upset, diarrhea, dizziness, or allergic skin reactions. More severe allergic reactions have occasionally been reported.
  • There are some data to suggest that ginkgo can increase bleeding risk, so people who take anticoagulant drugs, have bleeding disorders, or have scheduled surgery or dental procedures should use caution and talk to a health care provider if using ginkgo.
  • Uncooked ginkgo seeds contain a chemical known as ginkgotoxin, which can cause seizures. Consuming large quantities of seeds over time can cause death.
  • Ginkgo leaf and ginkgo leaf extracts appear to contain little ginkgotoxin.
  • It is important to inform your health care providers about any herb or dietary supplement you are using, including ginkgo. This helps to ensure safe and coordinated care.

Common Names--Asian ginseng, ginseng, Chinese ginseng, Korean ginseng, Asiatic ginseng    Top

Latin Name--Panax ginseng

• Picture of Ginseng (asian)
• What Ginseng Is Used For - Treatment claims for Asian ginseng are numerous and include the use of the herb to support overall health and boost the immune system. Traditional and modern uses of ginseng include:
  • Improving the health of people recovering from illness
  • Increasing a sense of well-being and stamina, and improving both mental and physical performance
  • Treating erectile dysfunction, hepatitis C, and symptoms related to menopause
  • Lowering blood glucose and controlling blood pressure
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• How Ginseng Is Used
  The root of Asian ginseng contains active chemical components called ginsenosides (or panaxosides) that are thought to be responsible for the herb's medicinal properties. The root is dried and used to make tablets or capsules, extracts, and teas, as well as creams or other preparations for external use.
• What the Science Says about Ginseng
  • Some studies have shown that Asian ginseng may lower blood glucose. Other studies indicate possible beneficial effects on immune function.
  • To date, research results on Asian ginseng are not conclusive enough to prove health claims associated with the herb. Only a handful of large clinical trials on
  • Asian ginseng have been conducted. Most studies have been small or have had flaws in design and reporting. Some claims for health benefits have been based only on studies conducted in animals.
  • NCCAM is supporting research studies to better understand the use of Asian ginseng. NCCAM is studying how Asian ginseng interacts with other herbs and drugs and exploring its potential to treat chronic lung infection, impaired glucose tolerance, and Alzheimer's disease.
• Side Effects and Cautions of Ginseng
  • When taken by mouth, ginseng is usually well tolerated. Some sources suggest that its use be limited to 3 months because of concerns about the development of side effects.
  • The most common side effects are headaches and sleep and gastrointestinal problems.
  • Ginseng can cause allergic reactions.
  • There have been reports of breast tenderness, menstrual irregularities, and high blood pressure associated with ginseng products, but these products' components were not analyzed, so effects may have been due to another herb or drug in the product.
  • Ginseng may lower levels of blood sugar; this effect may be seen more in people with diabetes. Therefore, people with diabetes should use extra caution with Asian ginseng, especially if they are using medicines to lower blood sugar or taking other herbs, such as bitter melon and fenugreek, that are also thought to lower blood sugar.
  • It is important to inform your health care providers about any herb or dietary supplement you are using, including Asian ginseng. This helps to ensure safe and coordinated care.

• Picture of Goldenseal
• What Goldenseal Is Used For
  • Historically, Native Americans have used goldenseal for various health conditions such as skin diseases, ulcers, and gonorrhea.
  • Now, goldenseal is used for colds and other respiratory tract infections, infectious diarrhea, eye infections, and vaginitis (inflammation or infection of the vagina). It is occasionally used to treat cancer.
  • It is also applied to wounds and canker sores, and is used as a mouthwash for sore gums, mouth, and throat.
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• How Goldenseal Is Used
  • The underground stems or roots of goldenseal are dried and used to make teas, liquid extracts, and solid extracts that may be made into tablets and capsules.
  • Goldenseal is often combined with echinacea in preparations that are intended to be used for colds.
• What the Science Says about Goldenseal
  • Few studies have been published on goldenseal's safety and effectiveness, and there is little scientific evidence to support using it for any health problem.
  • Clinical studies on a compound found in goldenseal, berberine, suggest that the compound may be beneficial for certain infections--such as those that cause some types of diarrhea, as well as some eye infections. However, goldenseal preparations contain only a small amount of berberine, so it is difficult to extend the evidence about the effectiveness of berberine to goldenseal.
  • NCCAM is funding a study to understand the mechanism by which berberine may act against tumors.
• Side Effects and Cautions of Goldenseal
  • Goldenseal is considered safe for short-term use in adults at recommended dosages. Rare side effects may include nausea and vomiting.
  • There is little information about the safety of high dosages or the long-term use of goldenseal.
  • Although drug interactions have not been reported, goldenseal may cause changes in the way the body processes drugs, and could potentially increase the levels of many drugs. However, a study of goldenseal and indinavir, a drug used to treat HIV infection, found no interaction.
  • Other herbs containing berberine, including Chinese goldthread (Coptis trifolia) and Oregon grape (Mahonia aquifolium), are sometimes substituted for goldenseal. These herbs may have different effects, side effects, and drug interactions than goldenseal.
  • Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should avoid using goldenseal. The berberine in the herb may cause the uterus to contract, increasing the risk of premature labor or miscarriage. Berberine may also be transferred through breast milk, causing life-threatening liver problems in nursing infants.
  • Goldenseal should not be given to infants and young children.
  • Tell your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.

• Picture of Green Tea
• What Green Tea Is Used For
  • Green tea and green tea extracts, such as its component EGCG, have been used as a Medicinal Plant and to prevent and treat a variety of cancers, including breast, stomach, and skin cancers.
  • Green tea and green tea extracts have also been used for improving mental alertness, aiding in weight loss, lowering cholesterol levels, and protecting skin from sun damage.
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• How Green Tea Is Used
  Green tea is usually brewed and drunk as a beverage. Green tea extracts can be taken in capsules and are sometimes used in skin products.
• What the Science Says about Green Tea
  • Laboratory studies suggest that green tea may help protect against or slow the growth of certain cancers, but studies in people have shown mixed results.
  • Some evidence suggests that the use of green tea preparations improves mental alertness, most likely because of its caffeine content. There are not enough reliable data to determine whether green tea can aid in weight loss, lower blood cholesterol levels, or protect the skin from sun damage.
  • NCCAM is supporting studies to learn more about the components in green tea and their effects on conditions such as cancer, diabetes, and heart disease.
• Side Effects and Cautions of Green Tea
  • Green tea is safe for most adults when used in moderate amounts.
  • Green tea and green tea extracts contain caffeine. Caffeine can cause insomnia, anxiety, irritability, upset stomach, nausea, diarrhea, or frequent urination in some people. Caffeine can also raise blood pressure, and in very high doses, it can cause seizures, delirium, or irregular heart rhythms.
  • Green tea contains small amounts of vitamin K, which can make anticoagulant drugs, such as warfarin, less effective.
  • Tell your health care providers about any herb or dietary supplement you are using, including green tea. This helps to ensure safe and coordinated care.

• Picture of Hawthorn berries
• What Hawthorn Is Used For
  • Hawthorn fruit has been used as a Medicinal Plant for heart disease since the first century. It has also been used for digestive and kidney problems.
  • More recently, hawthorn leaf and flower have been used for heart failure, a weakness of the heart muscle that prevents the heart from pumping enough blood to the rest of the body, which can lead to fatigue and limit physical activities.
  • Hawthorn is also used for other heart conditions, including symptoms of coronary artery disease (such as angina).
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• How Hawthorn Is Used
  The hawthorn leaf and flower are used to make liquid extracts, usually with water and alcohol. Dry extracts can be put into capsules and tablets.
• What the Science Says about Hawthorn
  • There is scientific evidence that hawthorn leaf and flower are safe and effective for milder forms of heart failure.
  • There is not enough scientific evidence to determine whether hawthorn works for other heart problems.
  • NCCAM is supporting research studying the mechanisms by which hawthorn may affect heart failure.
• Side Effects and Cautions of Hawthorn
  • Hawthorn is considered safe for most adults when used for short periods of time. Side effects are usually mild and can include upset stomach, headache, and dizziness.
  • Drug interactions with hawthorn have not been thoroughly studied. It was once thought that hawthorn interacted with the heart medicine digoxin. However, a very small study in people without heart conditions found no interaction, but evidence is limited.
  • Tell your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.
     

Hoodia as a Medicinal Plant - Hoodia is a flowering, cactus-like plant native to the Kalahari Desert in southern Africa. Its harvest is protected by conservation laws.  Top

Common Names--hoodia, Kalahari cactus, Xhoba

Latin Names--Hoodia gordonii

• Picture of Horse Chestnut
• What Horse Chestnut Is Used For
  • For centuries, horse chestnut seeds, leaves, bark, and flowers have been used as a Medicinal Plant for a variety of conditions and diseases.
  • Horse chestnut seed extract has been used as a Medicinal Plant to treat chronic venous insufficiency (a condition in which the veins in the legs do not efficiently return blood to the heart). This condition is associated with varicose veins, pain, ankle swelling, feelings of heaviness, itching, and nighttime leg cramping.
  • The seed extract has also been used for hemorrhoids.
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: LegCalm - For Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) and Periodic Limb Movement (PLM)
    • Reduce hyperactivity and restlessness
    • Calm, soothe and reduce mood swings
    • Improve concentration, memory and attention span
    • Improve alertness and mental focus
    • Calm over-active minds
    • Reduce impulsiveness and aggression
• How Horse Chestnut Is Used
  Horse chestnut seed extract standardized to contain 16 to 20 percent aescin (escin), the active ingredient, is the most commonly used form. Topical preparations have also been used.
• What the Science Says about Horse Chestnut
  • Small studies have found that horse chestnut seed extract is beneficial in treating chronic venous insufficiency and is as effective as wearing compression stockings.
  • There is not enough scientific evidence to support the use of horse chestnut seed, leaf, or bark for any other conditions.
• Side Effects and Cautions of Horse Chestnut
  • Homemade preparations of horse chestnut should not be used. Raw horse chestnut seeds, leaves, bark, and flowers contain esculin, which is poisonous.
  • When properly processed, horse chestnut seed extract contains little or no esculin and is considered generally safe. However, the extract can cause some side effects, including itching, nausea, or gastrointestinal upset.
  • Tell your health care providers about any herb or dietary supplement you are using, including horse chestnut. This helps to ensure safe and coordinated care.

• Picture of Kava Leaves
• What Kava Is Used For
  • Kava has been used as a Medicinal Plant and as a ceremonial beverage in the South Pacific for centuries.
  • Kava has also been used to help people fall asleep and fight fatigue, as well as to treat asthma and urinary tract infections.
  • Topically (on the skin), kava has been used as a numbing agent.
  • Today, kava is used primarily for anxiety, insomnia, and menopausal symptoms.
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• How Kava Is Used
  The root and rhizome (underground stem) of kava are used to prepare beverages, extracts, capsules, tablets, and topical solutions.
• What the Science Says about Kava
  • Although scientific studies provide some evidence that kava may be beneficial for the management of anxiety, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued a warning that using kava supplements has been linked to a risk of severe liver damage.
  • Kava is not a proven therapy for other uses.
  • NCCAM-funded studies on kava were suspended after the FDA issued its warning.
• Side Effects and Cautions of Kava
  • Kava has been reported to cause liver damage, including hepatitis and liver failure (which can cause death).
  • Kava has been associated with several cases of dystonia (abnormal muscle spasm or involuntary muscle movements).
  • Kava may interact with several drugs, including drugs used for Parkinson's disease.
  • Long-term and/or heavy use of kava may result in scaly, yellowed skin.
  • Avoid driving and operating heavy machinery while taking kava because the herb has been reported to cause drowsiness.
  • Tell your health care providers about any herb or dietary supplement you are using, including kava. This helps to ensure safe and coordinated care.

• Picture of Lavender Flower
• What Lavender Is Used For
  • Historically, lavender was used as an antiseptic and as a Medicinal Plant for mental health purposes.
  • Today, the herb is used for conditions such as anxiety, restlessness, insomnia, and depression.
  • Lavender is also used for headache, upset stomach, and hair loss.
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• How Lavender Is Used
  • Lavender is most commonly used in aromatherapy, in which the scent of the essential oil from the flowers is inhaled.
  • The essential oil can also be diluted with another oil and applied to the skin.
  • Dried lavender flowers can be used to make teas or liquid extracts that can be taken by mouth.
• What the Science Says about Lavender
  • There is little scientific evidence of lavender's effectiveness for most health uses.
  • Small studies on lavender for anxiety show mixed results.
  • Some preliminary results indicate that lavender oil, combined with oils from other herbs, may help with hair loss from a condition called alopecia areata.
• Side Effects and Cautions of Lavender
  • Topical use of diluted lavender oil or use of lavender as aromatherapy is generally considered safe for most adults. However, applying lavender oil to the skin can cause irritation.
  • Lavender oil is poisonous if taken by mouth.
  • When lavender teas and extracts are taken by mouth, they may cause headache, changes in appetite, and constipation.
  • Using lavender with sedative medications may increase drowsiness.
  • Tell your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.

• Picture of Licorice Plant
• Active Ingredients
  • Between 6 and 14 percent of the root is the glycoside glycyrrhizin. This calcium or potassium salt of glycyrrhizinic acid is fifty times sweeter than table sugar.
  • Licorice contains a number of other triterpenoid saponins, along with plant sterols including sitosterol and stigmasterol.
  • The root also contains several other sugars, including glucose, mannose, and sucrose.
  • More than thirty flavonoids and isoflavonoids have been identified, including liquiritin and its derivatives.
  • Some coumarins and an immunosuppressant called LX have also been isolated.
• What Licorice Root Is Used For
  • Licorice root has been used as a dietary supplement and as a Medicinal Plant for stomach ulcers, bronchitis, and sore throat, as well as infections caused by viruses, such as hepatitis.
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• How Licorice Root Is Used
  • Peeled licorice root is available in dried and powdered forms.
  • Licorice root is available as capsules, tablets, and liquid extracts.
  • Licorice can be found with glycyrrhizin removed; the product is called DGL (for "deglycyrrhizinated licorice").
• What the Science Says about Licorice Root
  • A review of several clinical trials found that glycyrrhizin might reduce complications from hepatitis C in some patients. However, there is not enough evidence to confirm that glycyrrhizin has this effect.
  • There are not enough reliable data to determine whether licorice is effective for stomach ulcers.
• Side Effects and Cautions of Licorice Root
  • In large amounts, licorice containing glycyrrhizin can cause high blood pressure, salt and water retention, and low potassium levels, which could lead to heart problems. DGL products are thought to cause fewer side effects.
  • The safety of using licorice as a supplement for more than 4 to 6 weeks has not been thoroughly studied.
  • Taking licorice together with diuretics (water pills) or other medicines that reduce the body's potassium levels could cause dangerously low potassium levels.
  • People with heart disease or high blood pressure should be cautious about using licorice.
  • When taken in large amounts, licorice can affect the body's levels of a hormone called cortisol and related steroid drugs, such as prednisone.
  • Pregnant women should avoid using licorice as a supplement or consuming large amounts of licorice as food, as some research suggests it could increase the risk of preterm labor.
  • Tell your health care providers about any herb or dietary supplement you are using, including licorice root. This helps to ensure safe and coordinated care.

• What Milk thistle Is Used For
  Milk thistle is believed to have protective effects on the liver and improve its function. It is typically used as a Medicinal Plant to treat liver cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis (liver inflammation), and gallbladder disorders. Treatment claims also include:
  • Lowering cholesterol levels
  • Reducing insulin resistance in people with type 2 diabetes who also have cirrhosis
  • Reducing the growth of cancer cells in breast, cervical, and prostate cancers
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: Endo-Ex - Effective relief and natural solution to stubborn and painful Endometriosis
    • Address the underlying cause of Endometriosis
    • Decrease pelvic inflammation associated with Endometriosis
    • Strengthen liver functioning and protect against environmental pollutants
    • Reduce menstrual pain and cramps
    • Regulate the menstrual cycle
    • Prevent diminished fertility in women with Endometriosis
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: Liver Dr. - Effective natural remedy to improve liver health and functioning
    • Improve functioning of the liver and promote health
    • Prevent problems associated with a sluggish liver (e.g. depressed immune systems, constant fatigue, obesity, sluggish digestive systems, allergies, respiratory ailments, unhealthy skin, irritability and many other health problems.)
    • Help treat liver disease and prevent further damage to the liver in diseases like viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, fatty liver, hemochromatosis, Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and Wilson’s disease
    • Protect the healthy liver from damage caused by medications and alcohol
    • Improve gall bladder functioning, reduce inflammation and help dissipate gallstones
    • Neutralize toxins and as a liver-friendly anti-oxidant, vitamin and mineral supplement
• How Milk thistle Is Used
  Milk thistle is a flowering herb. Silymarin, which can be extracted from the seeds (fruit), is believed to be the biologically active part of the herb. The seeds are used to prepare capsules containing powdered herb or seed; extracts; and infusions (strong teas).
• What the Science Says about Milk thistle
  • There have been some studies of milk thistle on liver disease in humans, but these have been small. Some promising data have been reported, but study results at this time are mixed.
  • Although some studies conducted outside the United States support claims of oral milk thistle to improve liver function, there have been flaws in study design and reporting. To date, there is no conclusive evidence to prove its claimed uses.
  • NCCAM is supporting a phase II research study to better understand the use of milk thistle for chronic hepatitis C. With the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NCCAM is planning further studies of milk thistle for chronic hepatitis C and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (liver disease that occurs in people who drink little or no alcohol).
  • The National Cancer Institute and the National Institute of Nursing Research are also studying milk thistle, for cancer prevention and to treat complications in HIV patients.
• Side Effects and Cautions of Milk thistle
  • In clinical trials, milk thistle generally has few side effects. Occasionally, people report a laxative effect, upset stomach, diarrhea, and bloating.
  • Milk thistle can produce allergic reactions, which tend to be more common among people who are allergic to plants in the same family (for example, ragweed, chrysanthemum, marigold, and daisy).
  • It is important to inform your health care providers about any herb or dietary supplement you are using, including milk thistle. This helps to ensure safe and coordinated care.

• Picture of Mistletoe
• What Mistletoe Is Used For
  • Mistletoe has been used for centuries in traditional medicine to treat seizures, headaches, and other conditions.
  • Mistletoe is used mainly in Europe as a treatment for cancer.
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• How Mistletoe Is Used
  • The leafy shoots and berries of mistletoe are used to make extracts that can be taken by mouth.
  • In Europe, mistletoe extracts are prescription drugs that are given by injection. In the United States, mistletoe by injection is available only in clinical trials.
• What the Science Says about Mistletoe
  • Laboratory studies have found that mistletoe kills cancer cells and stimulates the immune system.
  • The use of mistletoe to treat cancer has been studied in Europe in more than 30 clinical trials. Although improvements in survival or quality of life have been reported, almost all of the trials had major weaknesses in their design that raise doubts about the findings. For example, many of the studies had a small number of participants or did not have a control group.
  • NCCAM is sponsoring a clinical trial of mistletoe, given in combination with the drug gemcitabine, for cancer. The study will look at toxicity, safety, and immune system effects of mistletoe extract when combined with this chemotherapy drug.
• Side Effects and Cautions of Mistletoe
  • Raw, unprocessed mistletoe is poisonous. Eating raw, unprocessed European mistletoe or American mistletoe can cause vomiting, seizures, a slowing of the heart rate, and even death. American mistletoe is unsafe for medicinal use.
  • In countries where commercial mistletoe is available by injection, such as Germany, those extracts are considered to be generally safe when used according to product directions and under the supervision of a health care provider.
  • Injected mistletoe extract may cause itching or redness in the area of the injection. Less commonly, side effects may include more extensive skin reactions, low-grade fevers, or flu-like symptoms. There have been very rare reports of more serious allergic reactions, such as difficulty breathing.
  • Because mistletoe has not yet been proven to be a safe and effective cancer treatment, it should not be used outside of clinical trials.
  • It is important to inform your health care providers about any herb or dietary supplement you are using, including mistletoe. This helps to ensure safe and coordinated care.

• Picture of Peppermint
• What Peppermint oil Is Used For
  • Peppermint oil has been used for a variety of health conditions, including nausea, indigestion, and cold symptoms.
  • Peppermint oil is also used for headaches, muscle and nerve pain, and stomach and bowel conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome.
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: RealHeal Massage Oil Helps soothe and relieve pain, as well as promote faster healing.
    • Soothe and relieve pain and promote faster healing after surgery (including cosmetic surgery) or after physical injury or trauma
    • Promote disappearance of bruising
    • Relieve arthritis, rheumatism and all inflammatory joint and muscle conditions
    • Soothe sore muscles related to exercise
    • Soothe and promote faster healing of sports related injuries (including professional sports)
    • Reduce the need for prescription painkillers and anti-inflammatories
• How Peppermint oil Is Used
  Essential oil of peppermint can be taken in very small doses in capsule or liquid forms. The essential oil can also be diluted with another oil and applied to the skin.
• What the Science Says about Peppermint oil
  • Results from several studies suggest that peppermint oil may improve symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome.
  • A few studies have found that peppermint oil, in combination with caraway oil, may help relieve indigestion, but this evidence is preliminary.
  • Although there are some promising results, there is no clear-cut evidence to support the use of peppermint oil for other health conditions.
• Side Effects and Cautions of Peppermint oil
  • Peppermint oil appears to be safe for most adults when used in small doses. Possible side effects include allergic reactions and heartburn.
  • Capsules containing peppermint oil are often coated to reduce the likelihood of heartburn. If they are taken at the same time as medicines such as antacids, this coating can break down more quickly and increase the risk of heartburn and nausea.
  • Tell your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.

• Picture of Red Clover Flower
• What Red clover Is Used For
  • Historically, red clover has been used as a Medicinal Plant for cancer and respiratory problems, such as whooping cough, asthma, and bronchitis.
  • Current uses of red clover are for menopausal symptoms, breast pain associated with menstrual cycles, high cholesterol, osteoporosis, and symptoms of prostate enlargement. Red Clover is also well known as a cleansing herb for skin complaints.
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: Skin Dr. - Natural Treatment for Psoriasis and Other Skin Conditions.
• How Red clover Is Used
  The flowering tops of the red clover plant are used to prepare extracts available in tablets and capsules, as well as in teas and liquid forms.
• What the Science Says about Red clover
  • Although several small studies of red clover for menopausal symptoms had mixed results, a large study found that red clover had no beneficial effects on menopausal symptoms.
  • There is not enough scientific evidence to determine whether red clover is effective for any other health conditions.
  • NCCAM is studying red clover to learn more about its active components and how they might work in the body, including a clinical trial investigating the safety and effectiveness of red clover for menopausal symptoms.
• Side Effects and Cautions of Red clover
  • Red clover seems to be safe for most adults when used for short periods of time. No serious adverse effects have been reported.
  • Because red clover contains estrogen-like compounds, there is a possibility that its long-term use would increase the risk of women developing cancer of
    the lining of the uterus. However, studies to date have been too brief (less than 6 months) to evaluate whether red clover has estrogen-like effects on the uterus.
  • It is unclear whether red clover is safe for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding, or who have breast cancer or other hormone-sensitive cancers.
  • Tell your health care providers about any herb or dietary supplement you are using, including red clover.
    This helps to ensure safe and coordinated care.

• Picture of Saw Palmetto
• What Saw Palmetto Is Used For
  • Saw palmetto is used mainly for urinary symptoms associated with an enlarged prostate gland (also called benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH).
  • Saw palmetto is also used for other conditions, including chronic pelvic pain, bladder disorders, decreased sex drive, hair loss, and hormone imbalances.
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: Prostate Dr. - Promotes the health and functioning of the prostate and urinary tract in men
    • If you are experiencing one or more than one of the following symptoms, you may be suffering from an enlarged prostate:
      • Frequent or sudden need to urinate
      • Frequent waking up to urinate at night
      • Weak, variable, or dribbling urine stream
      • Need to strain or push bladder to urinate
      • Difficulty beginning urination
      • Feeling that your bladder never completely empties
      • Pain or burning during urination
• How Saw Palmetto Is Used
  The ripe fruit of saw palmetto is used in several forms, including ground and dried fruit or whole berries. It is available as a liquid extract, tablets, capsules, and as an infusion or a tea.
• What the Science Says about Saw Palmetto
  • Several small studies suggest that saw palmetto may be effective for treating BPH symptoms.
  • In 2006, a large study of 225 men with moderate-to-severe BPH found no improvement with 320 mg saw palmetto daily for 1 year versus placebo. NCCAM cofunded the study with the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.
  • There is not enough scientific evidence to support the use of saw palmetto for reducing the size of an enlarged prostate or for any other conditions.
  • Saw palmetto does not appear to affect readings of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. PSA is protein produced by cells in the prostate. The PSA test is used to screen for prostate cancer and to monitor patients who have had prostate cancer.
• Side Effects and Cautions of Saw Palmetto
  • Saw palmetto may cause mild side effects, including stomach discomfort.
  • Some men using saw palmetto have reported side effects such as tender breasts and a decline in sexual desire.
  • Tell your health care providers about any herb or dietary supplement you are using, including saw palmetto. This helps to ensure safe and coordinated care.

• Picture of St. John's Wort Flower
• What St. John's Wort Is Used For
  • St. John's wort has been used for centuries as a Medicinal Plant to treat mental disorders and nerve pain.
  • In ancient times, herbalists wrote about its use as a sedative and a treatment for malaria, as well as a balm for wounds, burns, and insect bites.
  • Today, St. John's wort is used by some for depression, anxiety, and/or sleep disorders.
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: MindSoothe - Promote balanced mood and feelings of wellbeing
    • Lessen general feelings of the blues
    • Support a healthy motivated attitude
    • Help alleviate environmental influences contributing to lower mood (seasons)
    • Lessen routine feelings of the blues commonly experienced by women during the menstrual cycle
    • Facilitate a reasonable attitude and lessen the burden on pressured minds
    • Promote a well-adjusted outlook and positive temperament
    • Support healthy sleep patterns and routine appetite
• How St. John's Wort Is Used
  The flowering tops of St. John's wort are used to prepare teas and tablets containing concentrated extracts.
• What the Science Says about St. John's Wort
  • There is some scientific evidence that St. John's wort is useful for treating mild to moderate depression. However, two large studies, one sponsored by NCCAM, showed that the herb was no more effective than placebo in treating major depression of moderate severity.
  • NCCAM is studying the use of St. John's wort in a wider spectrum of mood disorders, including minor depression.
• Side Effects and Cautions of St. John's Wort
  • St. John's wort may cause increased sensitivity to sunlight. Other side effects can include anxiety, dry mouth, dizziness, gastrointestinal symptoms, fatigue, headache, or sexual dysfunction.
  • Research shows that St. John's wort interacts with some drugs. The herb affects the way the body processes or breaks down many drugs; in some cases, it may speed or slow a drug's breakdown. Drugs that can be affected include:
    Indinavir and possibly other drugs used to control HIV infection
    Irinotecan and possibly other drugs used to treat cancer
    Cyclosporine, which prevents the body from rejecting transplanted organs
    Digoxin, which strengthens heart muscle contractions
    Warfarin and related anticoagulants
    Birth control pills
    Antidepressants
  • When combined with certain antidepressants, St. John's wort may increase side effects such as nausea, anxiety, headache, and confusion.
  • St. John's wort is not a proven therapy for depression. If depression is not adequately treated, it can become severe. Anyone who may have depression should see a health care provider. There are effective proven therapies available.
  • It is important to inform your health care providers about any herb or dietary supplement you are using, including St. John's wort. This helps to ensure safe and coordinated care.

• Picture of Turmeric Leaves
• Picture of Turmeric Root
• What Turmeric Is Used For
  • In traditional Chinese medicine and Ayurvedic medicine, turmeric has been used as a Medicinal Plant to aid digestion and liver function, relieve arthritis pain, and regulate menstruation.
  • Turmeric has also been applied directly to the skin for eczema and wound healing.
  • Today, turmeric is used for conditions such as heartburn, stomach ulcers, and gallstones. It is also used to reduce inflammation, as well as to prevent and treat cancer.
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: Natural treatments for Anxiety, The healing properties of herbs.
• How Turmeric Is Used
  Turmeric's finger-like underground stems (rhizomes) are dried and taken by mouth as a powder or in capsules, teas, or liquid extracts. Turmeric can also be made into a paste and used on the skin.
• What the Science Says about Turmeric
  • There is little reliable evidence to support the use of turmeric for any health condition because few clinical trials have been conducted.
  • Preliminary findings from animal and laboratory studies suggest that a chemical found in turmeric--called curcumin--may have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, but these findings have not been confirmed in people.
  • NCCAM-funded investigators are studying the active chemicals in turmeric and their effects--particularly anti-inflammatory effects--in people to better understand how turmeric might be used for health purposes.

• Picture of Valerian Flowers
• Picture of Valerian Leaves
• What Valerian Is Used For
  • Valerian has long been used for sleep disorders and anxiety.
  • Valerian has also been used for other conditions, such as headaches, depression, irregular heartbeat, and trembling.
  • Try our herbal remedy and Herbal Medicine: Serenite-LT
    • Treat the underlying causes of chronic insomnia
    • Restore your sleep cycle and induce regular deep and satisfying sleep
    • Treat depression, anxiety and insomnia without the side effects of prescription drugs
    • Balance serotonin levels naturally
    • Relieve both sleep maintenance and sleep onset insomnia
    • Prevent morning 'grogginess' associated with prescription and OTC sleeping tablets
    • Avoid addiction caused by prescription sleeping medication
• How Valerian Is Used
  The roots and rhizomes (underground stems) of valerian are typically used to make supplements, including capsules, tablets, and liquid extracts, as well as teas.
• What the Science Says about Valerian
  • Research suggests that valerian may be helpful for insomnia, but there is not enough evidence from well-designed studies to confirm this.
  • There is not enough scientific evidence to determine whether valerian works for anxiety or for other conditions, such as depression and headaches.
  • NCCAM is funding a study to look at the effects of valerian on sleep in healthy older adults and in people with Parkinson's disease.
• Side Effects and Cautions of Valerian
  • Studies suggest that valerian is generally safe to use for short periods of time (for example, 4 to 6 weeks).
  • No information is available about the long-term safety of valerian.
  • Valerian can cause mild side effects, such as headaches, dizziness, upset stomach, and tiredness the morning after its use.
  • Tell your health care providers about any herb or dietary supplement you are using, including valerian. This helps to ensure safe and coordinated care.

Common Names--yohimbe, yohimbe bark

Latin Names--Pausinystalia yohimbe

• Picture of Yohimbe Bark
• What Yohimbe Is Used For
  • Yohimbe bark has traditionally been used in Africa as an aphrodisiac (to increase sexual desire).
  • The herb is currently used for sexual dysfunction, including erectile dysfunction in men.
• How Yohimbe Is Used
  • As a dietary supplement, the dried bark of the yohimbe tree is used as a tea and taken by mouth. An extract of the bark is also put into capsules and tablets.
• What the Science Says about Yohimbe
  • It is not known whether yohimbe is effective for any health conditions because clinical trials have not been conducted on the bark or its extract.
• Side Effects and Cautions of Yohimbe
  • Yohimbe has been associated with high blood pressure, increased heart rate, headache, anxiety, dizziness, and sleeplessness. Yohimbe can be dangerous if taken in large doses or for long periods of time.
  • People should use caution if taking yohimbe with MAO inhibitors or medicines for high blood pressure. Yohimbe should not be combined with tricyclic antidepressants or phenothiazines (a group of medicines used mostly for mental health conditions such as schizophrenia).
  • People with kidney problems and people with psychiatric conditions should not use yohimbe.
  • Tell your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.

  Traditional Chinese Medicine A whole medical system that originated in China. It is based on the concept that disease results from disruption in the flow of qi and imbalance in the forces of yin and yang. Practices such as herbs, meditation, massage, and acupuncture seek to aid healing by restoring the yin-yang balance and the flow of qi. Ayurvedic medicine A whole medical system that originated in India. It aims to integrate the body, mind, and spirit to prevent and treat disease. Therapies used include herbs, massage, and yoga. Aromatherapy A therapy in which the scent of essential oils from flowers, herbs, and trees is inhaled to promote health and well-being. Herbal Medicine, Heals Naturally and Maintains good health! Allows us to live Long and Prosper! We are one with Flora. Throughout time humans and the animal kingdom have relied on the healing power of herbs. We used them in several ways: we have ingested them, rubbed them on our bodies, bathed in them, even used them in our cooking to flavor our foods.

The natural healing power and wonders of herbs!

• Aphrodisiacs
• Appetite
  • Natural desire for food or drink. When an individual has a poor appetite, we generally find that individual  in poor health. There are several herbal products that helps boost our desire for food and drinks. One of the potent plant is the alfalfa. Alfalfa is a rich source of Vitamins A, B Complex, C, D, E, K, biotin, carotenes, calcium, phosphorus, choline, inositol, PABA, octacosonal, trace minerals including iron, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, chlorophyll, and many other nutrients.
• Asthma Support
  • One in 10 children and one in three adults suffer from chronic asthma.
    An acute asthma attack is caused by inflammation in the airways of the lungs, causing contraction and narrowing of the airways (bronchioles), restricting airflow and making breathing very difficult.
• Athlete's foot
  • Fungal infections like “jock itch”, athlete’s foot and thrush are high up on the list of common causes of itching. These infections can be very uncomfortable and unpleasant and have a tendency to recur, especially when there is an overgrowth of yeast, like systemic Candida.
• Brain Food
  • To maintain good health and prevent age-related brain decline, it is important to eat sufficient amounts of fresh fruits and vegetables, and whole grain foods. It is also beneficial to get sufficient fresh air and sunshine, as well as exercise on a regular basis. Also avoid smoking, excessive alcohol intake and other drugs.
  • Decreased mental ability is greatly affected by genetic makeup, stress and other health-related factors such as diet, exercise and lifestyle. As we age, the brain finds it increasingly difficult to make connections along its neural pathways.
• Cholesterol Control
  • Cholesterol is a fat like substance that circulates in the blood and is produced by the body from dietary cholesterol and saturated fats in food. Cholesterol is not harmful if kept within acceptable limits.
  • It is used by the body to perform a variety of vital functions, including building and maintaining cell membranes, hormone synthesis, and the manufacture of Vitamin D. It is only when blood cholesterol levels become too high, that too much cholesterol can become a problem.
  • Cholesterol, A fatty, crystalline alcohol, derived principally from bile, present in most gallstones, and very widely distributed in animal fats and tissues.
  • High cholesterol levels often exist without any significant symptoms and many people only discover the problem after they have had heart problems like angina or even a heart attack.
  • If your cholesterol levels are very high, you may notice small yellow nodules beneath the skin of your eyes, eyebrows or elbows. Although it is possible to do a home test (obtainable from your pharmacy), these tests only measure total blood cholesterol levels and do not measure HDL.
  • The best way to find out whether you have high cholesterol levels is to visit your doctor, homeopath, naturopath or other health care provider.
• Constipation
  • Most people have at least one bowel movement a day. However, bowel habits vary from person to person and less frequent bowel movements are not necessarily a sign of constipation.
  • Most doctors will agree, however, that anyone who has a bowel movement less than three times a week and passes hard stools can be said to be constipated.
  • Constipation happens to everyone occasionally, but some people suffer from chronic constipation which makes their lives a misery and each bowel movement a huge relief!
  • Occasional constipation is usually caused by diet, lack of exercise, stress or drinking insufficient liquids.
  • Chronic constipation can be caused by a variety of factors, including digestive disorders like IBS, lack of fiber and fluids in the diet, depression, lack of exercise and some medical conditions like diabetes, colon cancer and hypothyroidism.
  • Constipation may also be a side effect of some prescription drugs for depression, high blood pressure and pain relief. Many people have also lost natural bowel movements due to the overuse and abuse of OTC and prescription laxatives.
• Depression
  • Low spirits or vitality. Gloomy or Sad. Deep dejection characterized by withdrawal, lack of response to stimulation.

    MindSoothe can help with the following symptoms:

    • Depressed mood
    • Low self esteem
    • Excessive tearfulness
    • Disturbed sleep patterns (insomnia or hypersomnia)
    • Disturbed appetite (either loss of appetite or binge eating)
    • Loss of libido
    • Fatigue and loss of interest and motivation
    • Irritability and anger
    • Anxiety and Panic attacks
    • Obsessive thoughts and other symptoms of OCD

    MindSoothe is formulated for adults, for children between the ages of 3 and 15 years please see our MindSoothe Jr.formula.

    Diagnosis of childhood depression
    Childhood Depression is not always as easily diagnosed as adult depression and can be masked. Children who are depressed do not always look sad and 'down' all the time, but may have other persistent symptoms that indicate that there is a problem.
    If you suspect that your child may be suffering from depression, it is always best to consult a psychologist for diagnosis and to determine the underlying causes of the depression. Children and especially teenagers who talk about suicide should always be taken seriously.
    While this is sometimes a way to get attention or may be something the child learned about at school, it could be serious and it is always better to be safe and have your child properly assessed.
    Never discontinue prescription medication without first consulting your doctor or a health care professional who is experienced in natural medicine.

• Diabetic Support
  • Diabetes is a disease associated with deficient insulin secretion, leading to excess sugar in the blood and urine, extreme hunger and thirst, and metabolic failure.
• Ginseng
  • An herb native to China and North America, having a root of aromatic and stimulant properties. The root of this herb is used in medicinal preparation. Used as a tea, decoction, extract, tincture, food additive and supplement. Many Native American tribes used American ginseng, Panax quinquefolia. Medicinal uses ranged from digestive disorders to sexual problems.
• High Blood Pressure
  • High blood pressure increases your chance, or risk, for getting heart disease, kidney disease, and for having a stroke. High blood pressure is extremely dangerous because it often has no warning signs or symptoms. Regardless of race, age, or gender, anyone can develop high blood pressure.
• Kidney/Urinary Tract
  • The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs in your abdomen which form a part of the urinary tract. They are responsible for filtering waste products and useful chemicals from your blood and eliminating the waste products into the urine. Without the kidneys, waste products and toxins would build up to dangerous levels in the blood and damage your body.
    
    Your kidneys also regulate the body's level of necessary substances like water, sodium and potassium. The correct balance of such substances is vital for your body to function healthily, but excess amounts can be harmful.
    As well as removing wastes, the kidneys are also responsible for releasing vital hormones. Renin is an important hormone for regulating salt levels and blood pressure. Erythropoietin is vital in the process of red blood cell formation in the bone marrow.
    
    The kidneys also produce the biologically active form of Vitamin D which is used for absorbing calcium and maintaining the health and strength of your bones.
    If left untreated, kidney disease can become irreversible and can be a significant threat to your health. People with diabetes, high blood pressure or a family history of kidney disease also need to actively prevent kidney disease and keep these organs in optimum condition.
• Liver Support
  • The liver is found within the lower part of the rib-cage on the right hand side of the body.  It has a huge variety of functions in the body and is the only organ that can repair and re-grow itself after damage. The liver is the second largest organ in the body and is often seen as the most important one. In traditional Chinese medicine, for example, a healthy liver is seen as the most critical element in the body's ability to fight disease and function optimally.

    For this reason, complementary and holistic medicine always emphasizes liver health as one of the most vital components in overall systemic health. Amongst other important functions, the liver is responsible for eliminating and detoxifying the poisons that enter our blood stream.

    The liver is very important in the digestion of food and produces bile which is essential in the breakdown of fats, thereby preventing obesity – one of the biggest contributors to bad health. It also regulates blood sugar and stores any excess sugar in a useful “quick-release” form for when it is needed. The liver clears the blood of old red blood cells, bacteria and other infectious organisms as well as ingested toxins including alcohol. It is responsible for producing a large number of different proteins including hormones and blood clotting factors and is the organ which stores Vitamin A, D, E and K.

• Male Support
  • Studies show that male infertility is at least partly responsible in about 50% of infertile couples. SemenRx is a male fertility enhancement supplement for men who are ready to increase their chances of conception. The ingredients in SemenRx are proven to play a critical role in sperm development, performance and overall sperm production.

    SemenRx is an all-natural supplement designed to increase sperm count, and improve sperm quality and motility. It features a blend of antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that have demonstrated to enhance male fertility and improve overall reproductive health.

• Weight Control
  • - Increase your metabolism so you burn more fat and calories.
    - Give you added energy.
    - Control your appetite and cravings.

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Herbs in history - Courtesy of Wikipedia

In the written record, the study of herbs dates back over 5,000 years to the Sumerians, who described well-established medicinal uses for such plants as laurel, caraway, and thyme. The first known Chinese herb book (or herbal), dating from about 2700 B.C., lists 365 medicinal plants and their uses - including ma-Huang, the shrub that introduced the drug ephedrine to modern medicine. The Egyptians of 1000 B.C. are known to have used garlic, opium, castor oil, coriander, mint, indigo, and other herbs for medicine and the Old Testament also mentions herb use and cultivation, including mandrake, vetch, caraway, wheat, barley, and rye.

Like their predecessors, the ancient Greeks and Romans made medicinal use of plants. Greek and Roman medicinal practices, as preserved in the writings of Hippocrates and - especially - Galen, provided the patterns for later western medicine. Hippocrates advocated the use of a few simple herbal drugs - along with fresh air, rest, and proper diet. Galen, on the other had, recommended large doses of more or less complicated drug mixtures - including plant, animal, and mineral ingredients. The Greek physician compiled the first European treatise on the properties and uses of medicinal plants, De Materia Medica. In the first century AD, Dioscorides wrote a compendium of more that 500 plants that remained an authoritative reference into the seventeenth century. Similarly important for herbalists and botanists of later centuries was the Greek book that founded the science of botany, Theophrastus’ Historia Plantarum, written in the fourth century B.C.


The uses of plants for medicine and other purposes changed little during the Middle Ages. The early Christian church discouraged the formal practice of medicine, preferring faith healing; but many Greek and Roman writings on medicine, as on other subjects, were preserved by diligent hand copying of manuscripts in monasteries. The monasteries thus tended to become local centers of medical knowledge, and their herb gardens provided the raw materials for simple treatment of common disorders. At the same time, folk medicine in the home and village continues uninterrupted, supporting numerous wandering and settled herbalists. Among these were the “wise-women,” who prescribed native herbal remedies often along with spells and enchantments. It was not until the later Middle Ages that women who were knowledgeable in herb lore became the targets of the witch hysteria. One of the most famous women in the herbal tradition was Saint Hildegard of Bingen. A twelfth century Benedictine nun, she wrote a medical text called Causes and Cures.

Medical schools began to return in the eleventh century, teaching Galen’s system. At the time, the Arabic world was more advanced in science than Europe. As a trading culture, the Arabs had access to plant material from distant places such as China and India. Herbals, medical texts and translations of the classics of antiquity filtered in from east to west. Alongside the university system, folk medicine continued to thrive. Plants were burdened with a mass of both pagan and Christian superstition that often was more important than their actual properties. The continuing importance of herbs for the centuries following the Middle Ages is indicated by the hundreds of herbals published after the invention of printing in the fifteenth century. Theophrastus’ Historia Plantarum was on of the first books to be printed, and Dioscorides’ De Materia Medica was not far behind.

The fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth centuries were the great age of herbals, many of them available for the first time in English and other languages rather than Latin or Greek. The first herbal to be published in English was the anonymous Grete Herball of 1526. The two best-known herbals in English wereThe Herball or General History of Plants (1597) by John Gerard and The English Physician Enlarged (1653) by Nicholas Culpeper. Gerard’s text was basically a pirated translation of a book by the Belgian herbalist Dodoens and his illustrations came from a German botanical work. The original edition contained many errors due to faulty matching of the two parts. Culpeper’s blend of traditional medicine with astrology, magic, and folklore was ridiculed by the physicians of his day yet his book - like Gerard’s and other herbals - enjoyed phenomenal popularity. The Age of Exploration and the Columian Exchange introduced new medicinal plants to Europe. The Badianus Manuscript was an illustrated Aztec herbal translated into Latin in the 16th century.

But the seventeenth century also saw the beginning of a slow erosion of the pre-eminent position held by plants as sources of therapeutic effects. The introduction by the physician. Paracelsus of active chemical drugs (like arsenic, copper sulfate, iron, mercury, and sulfur), followed by the rapid development of chemistry and the other physical sciences in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, led increasingly to the dominance of chemotherapy - chemical medicine - as the orthodox system of the twentieth century.

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